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21.7A: Chromium Metal - Chemistry LibreTexts
Chromite (\(\ce{FeCr2O4}\)) is the most commercially useful ore, and is extensively used for extraction of chromium. Chromium is produced in two forms: Ferrochrome by the reduction of
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A key challenge in the clean process for the production of
2024.9.15 Traditional methods for processing chromite ore into chromium salt-related products face significant challenges, such as high energy consumption, large discharge of
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Step-by-Step Guide: Chrome Plant Process Flow Explained
2023.11.26 Understanding the chrome plant process flow is essential for anyone interested in the mining and extraction of chromite ore. From exploration and mine development to the
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Detoxification and immobilization of chromite ore processing
2017.1.5 Using Rietveld quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis, we identified this final product is with the phases of spinel (3.5 wt.%), diopside (5.2 wt.%), and some amorphous
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Chromium (Cr) Ore Minerals, Formation,
2023.4.23 Refining methods can include slag cleaning, matte smelting, and hydrometallurgical processes, depending on the specific requirements of the final product. Alloying and Casting: The final step in the processing of
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Assessment of Zero Waste Approach by Enhancing
2024.10.8 The global chromite reserve exceeds 12 billion tons, with a significant concentration in Kazakhstan and Southern Africa. In 2019, chromite production soared to over
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Mechanism of the Direct Reduction of Chromite Process as a
Direct reduction of chromite (DRC) is a promising alternative process for ferrochrome production with the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions
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Sufficient extraction of Cr from chromium ore ... - ScienceDirect
2022.10.15 Chromium ore processing residue (COPR) is a hazardous waste generated during the production of chromate. Currently, approximately 10% of Cr 2 O 3 cannot be
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Development of Chromite Sinter from Ultra-Fine
ity chrome sinter using the Indian chromite ore fines, which will be suitable for cold handling and easy smelting in the electric arc furnace, producing ferrochrome as the final product. For this
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21.7A: Chromium Metal - Chemistry LibreTexts
Chromite (\(\ce{FeCr2O4}\)) is the most commercially useful ore, and is extensively used for extraction of chromium. Chromium is produced in two forms: ... Further deprotonation and polymerization can occur and, as the pH is raised, the final product is hydrated chromium(III) oxide or "chromic hydroxide". Representative Complexes. The Chromium ...
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A study on the recovery of fine chromite from UG2
2024.7.30 fine fractions, and deliver a product with a grade of more than 40% Cr2O3 at a yield exceeding 13%. Chromite is a c omplex spinel mineral with variable composition and physicochemical properties ...
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Laboratory Magnetic Separation Process Testing Chromite
2024.3.19 Laboratory magnetic separation testing of chromite is a critical process in the mining industry, as efficient separation of chromite from other minerals is critical to maximizing the value of the ore. By utilizing magnetic separators in a laboratory setting, researchers can evaluate the effectiveness of different separation techniques and optimize the recovery of valuable
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Fluxing of South African chromite ore with colemanite
2018.12.18 furnace (SAF) route, some 8-10% of other ferrochromium products (e.g., plasma chrome — a low-carbon FeCr alloy) are produced using DC furnace technology. The type of furnace, operating temperature, and slag composition are all factors that affect the recovery of Cr from chromite, and the quality of the final product. The
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A study on the recovery of fine chromite from UG2 tailings
2022.9.1 A chromite product with a grade> 37% was obtained. The effect of leaching conditions including acid concentration, temperature, time and solid-to-liquid ratio on the leaching behavior of Ni was ...
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Diversities of chromite mineralization induced by
2024.10.30 Ophiolites that host chromite deposits, e.g. the Troodos (Cyprus), Semail (Oman), and Zambales (Philippines) ophiolites, often show a chemo–stratigraphic variation trend comparable to the infant ...
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Direct Production of Ferrochrome by Segregation Reduction of Chromite ...
2017.12.20 Ferrochromium, which is a critical alloy in the production of stainless steel and high-alloying ferritic steel [], has been produced worldwide by carbothermic smelting reduction of chromite in submerged electric arc furnaces (SAF) for almost a century [2,3].More than 90% of the high carbon ferrochrome produced, with a typical composition range of 60–70 wt % Cr, 6–8 wt
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A Decarbonization Approach for FeCr Production
2022.12.20 Emission quantification is needed for mainly three steps. These are i) ore preparation, ii) ferroalloy production, and iii) stainless-steel production and conversion into a final product. While all these stages cause CO 2 emissions at certain rates, emissions vary depending on the production method of the electrical energy used for production.
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Mechanism of the Direct Reduction of Chromite Process as a
Direct reduction of chromite (DRC) is a promising alternative process for ferrochrome production with the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional smelting. In DRC, chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe) from chromite ore incongruently dissolve into a molten salt, which facilitates mass transfer to a carbon (C)
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Chromite Market will grow at a CAGR of 2.50% from 2024 to
2024.5.10 The stainless steel industry serves as a primary driver of the chromite market, accounting for a significant portion of global chromite consumption. Chromite is a key ingredient in the production of stainless steel, where it is used as a primary alloying element to impart corrosion resistance, strength, and heat resistance to the final product.
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A cleaner method for preparation of chromium oxide from ...
2017.1.1 Abstract A new leaching process for preparing chromium oxide from chromite was studied in this paper, using Cr(VI) extracted from the remediation treatment of chromite ore processing residue (COPR) as an oxidant. Thus, the “detoxification” of ...
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An Overview of Currently Applied Ferrochrome Production
2023.6.13 Ferrochrome (FeCr) is the main source of virgin chromium (Cr) units used in modern-day chromium (Cr) containing alloys. The vast majority of produced Cr is used during the production of stainless steel, which owes its corrosion resistance mainly to the presence of Cr. In turn, stainless steel is mainly produced from Cr-containing scrap metal and FeCr, which is a
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The Direct Alloying of Steel through Silicothermic Self
2024.1.23 Organosilicon materials generate copious amounts of Si-containing solid waste during production, leading to severe environmental pollution and substantial resource squandering. In pursuit of the resource utilization of Si-containing solid waste, this study conducted experimental research on the direct alloying of molten steel through the
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Hydrometallurgical Processing of Low-Grade Ni-Rich Chromite
2023.12.28 Due to the growing market of Electric Vehicles (EVs), there is a rise in battery demand. Nickel can be used as a potential element in cathode for lithium-ion batteries. Nickel can provide thermal stability, high energy density, and conductivity in cathodes of lithium-ion batteries. Low-grade chromite overburden from Sukinda mines contains less than 1 wt% of nickel, which
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Modelling and optimization of clean chromite production
The chromite tailings samples used in this study were obtained from the concentrator plant of Uckopru (Fethiye-Turkey). ... Accordingly, the chrome content decreased, as it escapes from hydrocyclone underflow and recovery of final product is decreased. In Figure 5 (a-f), the drum speed, the variation of tilt angle, and wash water flow rate are ...
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A key challenge in the clean process for the production of
2024.9.15 Chromite is the main raw material for the production of chromium-related products. Chromium and iron typically coexist in chromite in the form of spinel ... 2017), the extraction rate of chromium can reach 94 %), the purity of the final product remains inadequate for industrial production.
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Processing of Low-Grade Chromite Ore for Ferroalloy
2020.7.14 The low-grade siliceous chromite ore from Ghutrigaon, Odisha, India, containing ~ 16% Cr2O3, with Cr/Fe ratio of 1.97 and ~ 55% of SiO2, does not find any use in metallurgical industry and hence considered as waste. Mineralogical investigation indicates the presence of chromite and quartz as major minerals with minor fuchsite and kaolinite. The beneficiation
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v118n6a15 Fluxing of South African chromite ore with
2019.5.9 ferrochrome products (e.g. plasma chrome, a low-carbon FeCr alloy) is produced using DC furnace technology. The type of furnace, operating temperature, and slag chemistry are all factors that affect the recovery of Cr from chromite and hence the quality of the final product. The Cr/Fe ratio of the ore largely determines the Cr content of the
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A cleaner method for preparation of chromium oxide from chromite
2017.1.1 Chromite, the major natural raw material source for chromium, is widely used in metallurgy, refractory and chemical engineering and products. However, the pollution issue caused by Cr-bearing product manufacturing from chromite, especially the chromium salt industry, has become a major concern in recent decades from health and environment perspectives
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